Chinese New Year - 新年

How to say Chinese New Year in Mandarin?

春节 chūnjié 'Spring Festival' (used in China)

新年 xīnnián 'New Year'

农历新年 nónglì xīnnián 'Lunar New Year' (because it follows Lunar calendar)

How do you say/congratulate Happy New Year?
恭喜！恭喜！gōngxǐ gōngxǐ '(respectfully) wish (you) happiness'
恭喜发财！gōngxǐ fācái 'Wish happiness and prosperity'
新年好！xīnnián hǎo 'New Year Good'
新年快乐！xīnnián kuàile ' New Year Happy'

What can you wish people?祝你。。。zhūnǐ (wish you)... ＋
        身体健康 shēntǐ jiànkāng 'Good health'
        万事如意 wànshì rúyì 'Everything as you wish'        

Married People or Senior people will give 红包 hóngbāo (Red Envelope containing cash) as a symbol of luck to unmarried people, kids or lower-ranking people (like employers to employees).

Here is a popular song called Gongxi Gongxi with Pinyin that you will hear in every Chinese community during Chinese New Year:

Learn more:
http://laowaichinese.net/text-message-greetings-for-chinese-new-year.htm
http://mandarin.about.com/od/chineseculture/a/newyear.htm

Wiki Wiki - Chinese Iterative

Wiki Wiki, a shuttle bus name at Honolulu Airport, is a great example of both alliteration and reiterative. Both of these have the function to please the ear or give additional emphasis.

In Chinese, there are many types, and my personal preference is to use iterative as a general term for all. Here are some examples:

1. Double sound word (叠音词) has a few types in Chinese. One is similar to alliteration (头韵 [tou2 yun4]) in English, i.e. initial rhythm or double initial consonant words (双声词).Examples in Chinese: 蜘蛛[zhi1zhu1] spider, 鸳鸯[yuan1 yang1] mandarin duck, 尴尬 [gan1 gan4] embarrass, 可口可乐[ke2kou3ke2le4]. There is also double final sound words (叠韵词 [die2yun4ci2])，骆驼［luo4tuo2] camel.

2. Reduplication(叠词 [die2 ci2])

AA 微微 [wei1wei1] slightly

AABB 高高低低 [gao1gao1di1di1] ups and downs

ABB 滑溜溜 [hua2liu1liu1] slippery

ABCC 喜气洋洋 [xi3qi4yang2yang2] full of joy

AAB 咯咯笑 [ge2ge2xiao4] giggle, laugh

ABAB 考虑考虑 [kao3lu:4kao3lu:4] think about it

ABAC 十全十美 [shi2quan2shi2mei3] perfect